Not necessarily. While it's possible to have multiple eSIM profiles on a single device, each profile does not necessarily have to be associated with a different phone number.
For example, you may have one eSIM profile for your personal use and another eSIM profile for your work use, but both profiles can use the same phone number. In this case, the eSIM profiles would be differentiated by their respective data plans, network settings, and other associated information, but the phone number would remain the same.
However, it is also possible to have multiple eSIM profiles on a single device that are associated with different phone numbers. This may be useful, for example, if you frequently travel between different countries or regions and need to have access to local phone numbers.
Overall, the number of phone numbers associated with your eSIM profiles will depend on your specific needs and use case. Having multiple eSIM profiles does not necessarily require having multiple phone numbers, but it can be a useful option in certain situations.